SAM system 2K12-ML (Kvadrat-ML)
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- SAM system 2K12-ML (Kvadrat-ML)
Upgrade of Surface-to-Air-Missile (SAM) system 2K12M1 (2,3) (Kvadrat, Kub, SA-6 Gainful) up to the level of 2K12-ML “Kvadrat-ML” can be performed to meet the following requirements to system design and architecture:
- Restore service life of the SAM to 15 years by replacement of 99% of old component base with the new one;
- Increase combat capabilities through application of high performance computers, ability to conduct effective combat operations and destroy all classes of air targets in complex jamming environment;
- Increase reliability up to 1500 hours of MTBF;
- Reduce power consumption;
- Reduce the crew;
- Simplify SAM operation procedures.
Composition
- Self-propelled reconnaissance and guidance radar 1S91-ML;
- Self-propelled launcher 2P25-ML – 4 units;
- Transporting-loading vehicle 2T7M – 2 sets;
- Spare parts, tools and accessories kit.
Supporting systems:
- Capability to detect and destroy low-flying targets, cruise missiles, including very low observable (VLO) (“stealth”);
- Improved operation in jamming conditions, in presence of reflections from underlying surface;
- Automation of control from Command Post, automation of detection and tracking, prelaunch preparation and launch of missiles, crew training;
- Increase of engagement envelope and kill probability due to optimization of signal processing, increased detection and tracking range of low-flying targets;
- Reduced response time and firing cycle;
- New wire and audio telescope system for communications with superior command post;
- Extended service life – up to 15 years.
- Improved reliability and MTBF (1500 hours) due to new component base;
- Improved survivability and control capabilities due to introduction of a specialized remote command and control post controlling SAM from up to 1000 meters (option);
- Full crew training capability by simulation of air situation, jamming and action scenarios;
- New built-in data recording system to evaluate crew actions and analyse combat results;
- Standardized and modular configuration;
- Notably simplified maintenance of system;
- Reduced power consumption;
- Improved ergonomics.
| Parameter | Before upgrade | After upgrade |
| Engagement concurrency |
1 |
1 |
|
SAM concurrency |
(6) 12 |
12 |
|
1S11 Receiver noise ratio (at HF amplifier input): |
|
|
|
≤ 8.0 dB |
≤ 3.5 dB |
|
≤ 8.0 dB |
≤ 3.5 dB |
|
1S31 Receiver noise ratio (at HF amplifier input) |
≤ 8.0 dB |
≤ 3.5 dB |
|
Control signal suppression ratio in MTI mode (internal): 1S11M1, 1S31M1 |
≥ 28 dB |
≥ 40 – 45 dB |
|
Maximum detection range (tactical fighter): |
|
|
|
50 km |
Not less than 75 km |
|
28 km |
Not less than 38 km |
|
20 km |
Not less than 28 km |
|
Detection of a cruise missile at altitude of 0.2 km |
- |
Not less than 21 km |
|
Maximum speed of engagement targets: |
|
|
|
Up to 600 m/s |
Up to 600 m/s |
|
Up to 300 m/s |
Up to 300 m/s |
|
Antenna rotation speed of 1S11M1 |
15 rpm |
2 – 15 rpm |
|
Search capability in a sector |
- |
yes |
|
Engagement envelope: |
|
|
|
0.025 km |
0.025 km |
|
14 km |
14 km |
|
3.4 km |
3.4 km |
|
24 km |
24 km |
|
± 18 km |
± 18 km |
|
Single-shot kill probability of a target (Pk) |
0.6 – 0.8 |
0.85 |
|
Target channel auto-tracking modes: |
|
|
|
yes |
yes |
|
- |
yes |
|
- |
option |
|
Time to acquire target |
10 – 15 s |
3 – 6 s |
|
Operating distance of 1S61M1-L equipment by radio and wire |
Up to 500 m |
Up to 1000 m |
|
Accuracy of target designation to launchers: |
|
|
|
± 1.00 |
± 0.50 |
|
± 1.00 |
± 0.50 |
|
± 300 m |
± 100 m |
|
MTBF, not less than |
55 h |
1500 h |
|
System readiness for combat from readiness No. 2 |
5 min |
Not more than 5 min |
|
Digital communications with Superior command post |
- |
yes |
|
Remote command and control post |
- |
option |
|
Recording of operational parameters |
- |
yes |
|
Built-in simulation and training system (with overlaying of real terrain and air situation) |
- |
yes |
|
Automatic topographic reference and alignment of system components at site of operation |
- |
yes |
|
Interfacing with different types of radars (P-18ML, P-19ML) |
- |
yes |
|
Automatic checking of SURN and TEL serviceability |
- |
yes |
|
Automatic detection of active jamming with activation of protection |
- |
yes |
|
Automatic processing and linking of target tracks by reconnaissance station |
- |
yes |
|
Displaying of missile launch and engagement envelopes for selected targets on the indicator of reconnaissance station |
- |
yes |
|
Displaying of terrain, air situation and friendly air-defence assets on the reconnaissance indicators |
- |
yes |
|
Interfacing with ground interrogator |
“Parol-4” only |
option |